Berikut ini yang termasuk komponen biotik ekosistem adalah &hellip;.

Sekumpulan makhluk hidup sejenis yang menempati suatu area pada waktu yang sama disebut &hellip;.

Berikut yang termasuk organisme autotrof adalah &hellip;.

suksesi primer<img align="middle" alt="space space" class="Wirisformula" data-custom-editor="chemistry" data-latex="\;\;" data-mathml="«math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨ class=¨wrs_chemistry¨»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«/math»" role="math" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAgAAAAGCAYAAAD+Bd/7AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAABGJhU0UAAAAEx0lWhwAAAAxJREFUeNpjYBgOAAAAxgAB/v0USgAAAHN0RVh0TWF0aE1MADxtYXRoIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk4L01hdGgvTWF0aE1MIiBjbGFzcz0id3JzX2NoZW1pc3RyeSI+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PC9tYXRoPswqWPkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" style="max-width: none;" />

suksesi sekunder<img align="middle" alt="space space" class="Wirisformula" data-custom-editor="chemistry" data-latex="\;\;" data-mathml="«math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨ class=¨wrs_chemistry¨»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«/math»" role="math" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAgAAAAGCAYAAAD+Bd/7AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAABGJhU0UAAAAEx0lWhwAAAAxJREFUeNpjYBgOAAAAxgAB/v0USgAAAHN0RVh0TWF0aE1MADxtYXRoIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk4L01hdGgvTWF0aE1MIiBjbGFzcz0id3JzX2NoZW1pc3RyeSI+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PC9tYXRoPswqWPkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" style="max-width: none;" />

reboisasi<img align="middle" alt="space space" class="Wirisformula" data-custom-editor="chemistry" data-latex="\;\;" data-mathml="«math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨ class=¨wrs_chemistry¨»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«/math»" role="math" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAgAAAAGCAYAAAD+Bd/7AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAABGJhU0UAAAAEx0lWhwAAAAxJREFUeNpjYBgOAAAAxgAB/v0USgAAAHN0RVh0TWF0aE1MADxtYXRoIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk4L01hdGgvTWF0aE1MIiBjbGFzcz0id3JzX2NoZW1pc3RyeSI+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PC9tYXRoPswqWPkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" style="max-width: none;" />

deforestasi<img align="middle" alt="space space" class="Wirisformula" data-custom-editor="chemistry" data-latex="\;\;" data-mathml="«math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨ class=¨wrs_chemistry¨»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«/math»" role="math" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAgAAAAGCAYAAAD+Bd/7AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAABGJhU0UAAAAEx0lWhwAAAAxJREFUeNpjYBgOAAAAxgAB/v0USgAAAHN0RVh0TWF0aE1MADxtYXRoIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk4L01hdGgvTWF0aE1MIiBjbGFzcz0id3JzX2NoZW1pc3RyeSI+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PC9tYXRoPswqWPkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" style="max-width: none;" />

Hasil letusan gunung berapi berupa lava merusak ekosistem dan menyebabkan kematian seluruh makhluk hidup.&nbsp; Seiring berjalannya waktu, ekosistem tersebut mulai pulih dan stabil. Proses ini disebut &hellip;.<img align="middle" alt="space space" class="Wirisformula" data-custom-editor="chemistry" data-latex="\;\;" data-mathml="«math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨ class=¨wrs_chemistry¨»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«mo»§#160;«/mo»«/math»" role="math" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAgAAAAGCAYAAAD+Bd/7AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAABGJhU0UAAAAEx0lWhwAAAAxJREFUeNpjYBgOAAAAxgAB/v0USgAAAHN0RVh0TWF0aE1MADxtYXRoIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk4L01hdGgvTWF0aE1MIiBjbGFzcz0id3JzX2NoZW1pc3RyeSI+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PG1vPiYjeEEwOzwvbW8+PC9tYXRoPswqWPkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" style="max-width: none;" />

Berikut yang merupakan ekosistem alami adalah &hellip;.